Imigendekere yisoko ya bateri ya lithium-ion na bateri ya aside-aside kubinyabiziga bibiri byamashanyarazi

Kugeza ubu, igurishwa ry’ibimoteri by’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa riragenda ryiyongera. Ariko, igipimo cyo kwinjira mumashanyarazi yubwenge abiri yibiziga ni make. Icyakora, ku nkunga ya “karuboni ebyiri” na politiki nshya y’igihugu isanzwe, hamwe no kurushaho kwakira ubwenge bw’abaguzi, biteganijwe ko urwego rw’ubwenge rugenda rwiyongera buhoro buhoro, kandi inzira ya lithiyo irihuta. Muri icyo gihe, amasosiyete menshi y’amagare y’amashanyarazi nayo arenga imipaka mu rwego rwo gukora ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu, bashaka umurongo wa kabiri wo gukura.https://www.

Inganda zinganda za batiri ya aside-aside ni ndende. Kuva havumburwa bateri ya aside-aside yakozwe nu Bufaransa wahimbye Prandtl mu 1859, ifite amateka yimyaka 160. Bateri ya aside-aside ifite urwego rwo hejuru mubukure mubushakashatsi bwubumenyi, iterambere ryikoranabuhanga, ubwoko bwibicuruzwa, imikorere yumuriro wibicuruzwa, nibindi bintu, kandi ibiciro byabo biri hasi. Kubwibyo, mumasoko yimodoka yumuriro wamashanyarazi murugo, bateri ya aside-aside imaze igihe kinini ifata isoko nyamukuru.

Inganda zinganda za bateri ya lithium ni ngufi, kandi zateye imbere byihuse kuva zavuka mu 1990. Bitewe nibyiza byabo byingufu nyinshi, kuramba, gukoresha bike, kutagira umwanda, nta ngaruka zo kwibuka, gusohora kworoheje, ndetse no imbere imbere kurwanya, bateri ya lithium yerekanye ibyiza mubikorwa bifatika kandi bizwi cyane nka imwe muri bateri yizewe yiterambere ryigihe kizaza.

Inzira ya lithium-ion amashanyarazi nubwenge birihuta:

Nk’uko byatangajwe na White Paper on the Intelligence of Electric Two ibiziga bifite ibiziga bibiri, abakoresha ibinyabiziga by'amashanyarazi bagenda baba bato, aho abarenga 70% by'abakoresha bari munsi y’imyaka 35 bagaragaza ko bashishikajwe cyane na interineti y'ibintu nk'abavuga rikijyana ndetse n'inzugi zifunga ubwenge. . Isabwa ryubwenge bwibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi ryiyongereye, kandi aba bakoresha bafite imbaraga zubukungu kandi bafite ubushake bwo kwemera igiciro cyimodoka ebyiri zamashanyarazi, zitanga umusingi uhagije wabaguzi mugutezimbere ubwenge bwinganda.

Kumenyekanisha ibinyabiziga bibiri byamashanyarazi birimo tekinoroji nyinshi, zishobora kunoza imikorere. Xinda Securities yizera ko hamwe n’iterambere rya tekinoroji ya interineti y’ibintu, ubwenge bw’imodoka ebyiri zifite ibiziga bizamura imikorere yazo mu buryo butandukanye bwa tekiniki, harimo aho ibinyabiziga bihagaze, itumanaho ryegereye umurima, guhuza telefoni igendanwa, ibicu, ubwenge bw’ubukorikori, n'ibindi. . Ubwenge bwibinyabiziga bibiri byamashanyarazi bishingiye kuri interineti yibintu, kandi umwanya wuzuye, ubwenge bwubukorikori, amakuru manini nubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga byongereye urwego rwa tekiniki muri rusange, bitanga uburambe bunoze kandi butekanye. Ubwenge bwibinyabiziga bibiri byamashanyarazi bitanga imirimo myinshi, irashobora kurushaho kunoza uburambe bwabakoresha. Ubwenge nicyerekezo cyiterambere kizaza cyamashanyarazi ibinyabiziga bibiri bifite ibiziga.

Muri icyo gihe, kuva ishyirwa mu bikorwa ku mugaragaro igipimo gishya cy’igihugu cy’amagare y’amashanyarazi muri Mata 2019, amashanyarazi ya lithium-ion yabaye insanganyamatsiko nyamukuru yo guteza imbere ibinyabiziga bibiri by’amashanyarazi. Ukurikije ibisabwa mu rwego rushya rwigihugu, uburemere bwikinyabiziga cyose burasabwa kutarenza 55 kg. Batiyeri gakondo ya aside-acide, kubera ingufu nkeya nubunini bwinshi, biteganijwe ko izongera cyane igipimo cyamagare y’amashanyarazi ya lithium-ion nyuma y’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’igihugu gishya.

Batteri ya Litiyumu ifite ibyiza bitatu byingenzi:

Imwe iremereye. Hamwe nogushiraho ibipimo bishya byigihugu byamagare y’amashanyarazi, uturere dutandukanye tuzashyiraho amategeko agenga ibiro by’ibinyabiziga bidafite moteri kumuhanda;
Iya kabiri ni kurengera ibidukikije. Ibinyuranye, uburyo bwo gukora bateri ya lithium-ion yangiza ibidukikije kandi ikoresha ingufu kurusha bateri-aside, kandi ishyigikiwe na politiki;
Icya gatatu nubuzima bwumurimo. Kugeza ubu, ubuzima bwa bateri ya lithium-ion muri rusange ni inshuro ebyiri kugeza kuri eshatu za batiri ya aside-aside. Nubwo igiciro cyambere kiri hejuru, nubukungu burigihe. Ku rwego mpuzamahanga, amagare y’amashanyarazi ya lithium-ion yamenyekanye cyane mu bihugu byateye imbere nk'Ubuyapani, Uburayi na Amerika.